Mabhiriji chinhu chakakosha munhoroondo yevanhu. Kubva munguva dzekare vanhu vaishandisa miti yakatemwa nematombo akaturikidzana kuti vayambuke nzizi dzemvura nemakoronga, kusvika pakushandisa mabhiriji akareba uye kunyange mabhiriji anovharirwa netambo, kushanduka-shanduka kwave kunoshamisa. Kuvhurwa kuchangoburwa kweHong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge kunoratidza chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yemabhiriji. Mukuvaka mabhiriji emazuva ano, pamusoro pekushandisa zvakasimbiswa kongiri zvimiro, simbi zvinhu, kunyanya aruminiyamu alloys, yave sarudzo huru nekuda kwekunaka kwavo kwakasiyana.
Muna 1933, bhiriji rekutanga realuminium alloy pasi rose rakashandiswa pabhiriji rinotenderera nerwizi muPittsburgh muUnited States. Anopfuura makore gumi gare gare, muna 1949, Canada yakapedza bhiriji rearuminiyamu arch rinotenderera Rwizi rweSaguenay muQuebec, nenhamba imwe chete inosvika 88.4 metres. Zambuko iri ndiro raive rekutanga pasi rose-aruminiyamu alloy chimiro. Zambuko racho raive nemapier anosvika 15 metres kureba uye nzira mbiri dzemotokari dzemotokari. Yakashandisa 2014-T6 aluminium alloy uye yaive nehuremu hwematani zana nemakumi matanhatu nematatu. Kuenzaniswa nezambuko resimbi rakarongwa pakutanga, rakaderedza huremu ne56%.
Kubva ipapo, maitiro ealuminium alloy structural mabhiriji anga asingamisiki. Pakati pa1949 na1985, United Kingdom yakavaka anenge 35 aruminiyamu alloy structural mabhiriji, nepo Germany yakavaka akapoteredza 20 mabhiriji akadaro pakati pa1950 na1970. Kuvakwa kwemabhiriji akawanda kwakapa ruzivo rwakakosha kune ramangwana aruminiyamu alloy bhiriji vavaki.
Zvichienzaniswa nesimbi, aruminiyamu alloy zvinhu zvine density yakaderera, zvichiita kuti ive yakareruka, ine chete 34% yehuremu hwesimbi yevhoriyamu imwechete. Asi, vane maitiro ekusimba akafanana nesimbi. Pamusoro pezvo, aruminiyamu alloys anoratidza yakanakisa elasticity uye corrosion kuramba nepo iine yakaderera zvimiro zvekugadzirisa mutengo. Somugumisiro, vakawana kushandiswa kwakakura mukuvaka mabhiriji kwemazuva ano.
China yakaita budiriro huru mukuvaka mabhiriji zvakare. Zhaozhou Bridge, yakamira kweanopfuura makore zana nemakumi mashanu, ndechimwe chezvakanakisa kubudirira kweinjiniya yekare yekuChina. Munguva yazvino, nerubatsiro rweyaimbova Soviet Union, China yakavakawo mabhiriji esimbi akati wandei, kusanganisira mabhiriji eRwizi rweYangtze muNanjing neWuhan, pamwe nePearl River Bridge muGuangzhou. Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwealuminium alloy mabhiriji muChina kunoratidzika kuve kushoma. Bhiriji rekutanga realuminium alloy structural bhiriji muChina raive bhiriji rekufamba paQingchun Road muHangzhou, rakavakwa muna 2007. Zambuko iri rakagadzirwa uye rakaiswa nemaGerman mainjiniya emabhiriji, uye zvinhu zvese zvakaunzwa kubva kuGermany. Mugore rimwe chetero, zambuko revanofamba netsoka muXujiahui, Shanghai, rakagadzirwa zvachose uye rakagadzirwa mukati memusha uchishandisa aruminiyamu alloy zvimiro. Yainyanya kushandisa 6061-T6 aluminium alloy uye, zvisinei ne15-ton self-weight, yaigona kutsigira mutoro wematani makumi mashanu.
Mune ramangwana, aluminium alloy mabhiriji ane tarisiro yakakura yebudiriro muChina nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati:
1 Kuvakwa kwechitima chepamusoro chekuChina kuri kusimukira, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma dzematunhu ekumadokero ane mipata nenzizi dzakawanda. Aluminium alloy mabhiriji, nekuda kwekureruka kwekufambisa uye zvivakwa zvisingaremi, anotarisirwa kuve nemusika wakakosha unogona.
2 Simbi zvinhu zvinogara kuita ngura uye hazvina kuita zvakanaka mukupisa kwakadzika. Kuora kwesimbi kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzikana kwebhiriji, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo yekuchengetedza uye njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Kusiyana neizvi, aruminiyamu alloy zvinhu zvine simba rekudzivirira uye anoita zvakanaka mukupisa kwakadzika, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana mamiriro ekunze uye kuve nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu. Nepo mabhiriji ealuminium alloy angave ane mitengo yakakwira yekutanga kuvaka, mari yavo yakaderera yekugadzirisa inogona kubatsira kuderedza mutengo wekufamba kwenguva.
3 Tsvagiridzo yealuminium mabhiriji mapaneru, emunyika nekunze, akagadzirwa zvakanaka, uye zvinhu izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Kufambira mberi mukutsvagisa kwezvinhu kunopa vimbiso yehunyanzvi yekugadzira alloys matsva anosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekuita. Vagadziri vearuminiyamu veChinese, kusanganisira hofori dzeindasitiri vakaita saLiaoning Zhongwang, zvishoma nezvishoma vakachinjisa kutarisa kwavo kumaindasitiri ealuminium profiles, vachiisa hwaro hwekuvakwa kwebhiriji realuminium alloy.
4 Kuvakwa nekukurumidza kwepasi pevhu mumaguta makuru eChina kunoisa zvinotemerwa zvimiro zvezvivakwa kubva pamusoro pevhu. Nekuda kwehuremu hwayo hwakakosha, zvinofanoona kuti mamwe aruminiyamu alloy anofamba netsoka uye nzira huru mabhiriji achagadzirwa uye achashandiswa mune ramangwana.
Yakarongedzwa naMay Jiang kubva kuMAT Aluminium
Nguva yekutumira: May-15-2024
