Unogona kuzvibvunza kuti, "Chii chinoita kuti aluminium mumotokari ive yakajairika?" kana kuti "Chii nezvealuminium chinoita kuti ive chinhu chakanakisa kumiviri yemotokari?" tisingazive kuti aluminium yakashandiswa mukugadzira mota kubva pakatanga mota. Pakare muna 1889 aluminium yakagadzirwa muhuwandu uye yakakanda, yakakungurutswa, uye yakaumbwa mumotokari.
Auto inogadzira yakatora mukana wekushanda nechinhu chiri nyore-kuumba pane simbi. Panguva iyoyo, aruminiyamu akachena chete ndiwo aivepo, ayo akapfava uye ane chimiro chakakura uye akanakisa kusada kuita ngura inogara nekufamba kwenguva. Zvinhu izvi zvakaita kuti vagadziri vemotokari vagadzire jecha uye kugadzira mapaneru emuviri akakura aibva aiswa weld uye kukwenenzverwa nemaoko.
Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore rechi20, vamwe vevagadziri vemotokari vainyanya kukoshesa vakanga vachiisa aluminium mumotokari. Izvi zvinosanganisira Bugatti, Ferrari, BMW, Mercedes, uye Porsche.
Sei Kusarudza Aluminium muMotokari?
Mota michina yakaoma ine zvikamu zvinosvika makumi matatu 000. Mitumbi yemotokari, kana skeleton yemotokari, ndiyo inodhura zvakanyanya uye yakakosha pakugadzira mota.
Zvinosanganisira mapaneru ekunze anopa chimiro kumotokari, uye mapaneru emukati anoita sekusimbisa. Iwo mapaneru anobatanidzwa pamwe chete kuita mbiru uye njanji. Mitumbi yemotokari inobva yasanganisira magonhi epamberi neshure, matanda einjini, mavhiri emavhiri, mabumpers, hoods, makamuri evatakuri, kumberi, denga, uye pasi.
Chimiro chechimiro ndicho chinonyanya kukosha chinodiwa kune miviri yemotokari. Nekudaro, mitumbi yemotokari inofanirwa zvakare kuve yakareruka, isingadhure kugadzira, isingaite ngura, uye iine hunhu hunokwezva hunotsvakwa nevatengi, senge yakanakisa yekupedzisa hunhu.
Aluminium inogutsa huwandu hwezvinodikanwa izvi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvishoma:
Zvakasiyana-siyana
Sezvingatarisirwa, aruminiyamu chinhu chakasiyana-siyana. Kuumbwa kweAluminium uye kusaita ngura kunoita kuti zvive nyore kushanda nayo uye kuumbwa.
Inowanikwawo mumhando dzakasiyana siyana, senge aluminium sheet, aluminium coil, aluminium ndiro, aluminium chubhu, pombi yealuminium, chiteshi chealuminium, aluminium beam, aluminium bar, uye angle yealuminium.
Versatility inobvumira kuti aruminiyamu ive sarudzo yemhando yeauto application iyo ingangoda hunhu hwakasiyana, ingave saizi uye chimiro, simba regoho, kupedzisa hunhu, kana corrosion kuramba.
Kureruka Kwekushanda
Hunhu hwekuita uye kuita kwakasiyana-siyana kunogona kukwidziridzwa kuburikidza neakasiyana maitiro ekugadzira, senge kuomesa kubheka, kushanda uye kuoma kwemvura, kudhirowa, kubatanidza, kukanda, kuumba, uye extrusion. Tekinoroji dzakavandudzwa dzewelding dzinoramba dzichiita kuti kujoinha aluminium kuve nyore kuita nemhedzisiro yakachengeteka.
Yakareruka uye Yakasimba
Aluminium ine reshiyo yesimba-kusvika-huremu, zvichireva kuti yakareruka uye inogara kwenguva refu. Mafambiro emotokari mualuminium akatarisana nekudzikiswa kwehuremu mumotokari, chinangwa chikuru muindastiri kuitira kuti isangane neyakaomesesa emission tarisiro.
Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa neDrive Aluminium inosimbisa kuti aluminium mumotokari inoderedza huremu hwemotokari uye inowedzera hupfumi hwemafuta uye huwandu mumotokari dzemagetsi (EV). Sezvo kudiwa kwevatengi uye kurudziro yezvakatipoteredza zviri kutungamira mukuwedzera kugadzirwa kweEV, tinogona kutarisira kuti aluminium mumitumbi yemotokari icharamba ichikwira senzira yekudzikisa huremu hwemabhatiri uye kuderera kwemhepo.
Alloying Kugona
Iyo aluminium inogona kusanganiswa nehuwandu hwezvinhu kukwidziridza hunhu hwakaita sesimba, magetsi conductivity, uye corrosion resistance inowedzera kushandiswa kwayo mukugadzira auto.
Aluminium inopatsanurwa kuita alloy akateedzana ayo anotemerwa neayo makuru alloying zvinhu. Iyo 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, uye 7xxx aruminiyamu alloy akatevedzana ese anosanganisira alloys anoiswa kushandiswa mumiviri yemotokari.
Rondedzero yeAluminium Magiredhi muMota Miviri
1100
Iyo 1xxx yakatevedzana yealuminium ndiyo yakanyanya kuchena aruminiyamu inowanikwa. Pa 99% yakachena, 1100 aluminium sheet inogoneka zvakanyanya. Iyo zvakare inoratidza yakanakisa corrosion resistance. Iyi yaive imwe yekutanga alloys yakashandiswa mumotokari uye ichiri kushandiswa nhasi, kunyanya mukupisa insulators.
2024
Iyo 2xxx yakatevedzana yealuminium yakasanganiswa nemhangura. 2024 inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira mapistoni, mameseji ekupwanya, rotor, masilinda, mavhiri uye magiya sezvo inoratidza kusimba kwepamusoro uye kwakanyanya kuneta kuramba.
3003, 3004, 3105
Iyo 3xxx manganese yakatevedzana yealuminium ine hukuru hwekuumbwa. Iwe unonyanya kuona 3003, 3004 uye 3105.
3003 inoratidza simba repamusoro, kuumbwa kwakanaka, kushanda, uye kugona kudhirowa. Inowanzo shandiswa pamotokari pombi, mapaneru, pamwe nemagetsi castings emahybrids uye EV.
3004 inogovera akawanda ehunhu hwe3003, uye inogona kuwedzererwa chinangwa checowl grille mapaneru uye radiators.
3105 ine yakanakisa corrosion kuramba, formability, uye welding maitiro. Iyo inoratidzira mune auto body sheet, yekushandisa mumafenda, magonhi, uye pasi pepaneru.
4032
Iyo 4xxx yakatevedzana yealuminium yakasanganiswa nesilicon. 4032 ichashandiswa pistons, compressor mipumburu, uye zvikamu zveinjini sezvo ichiratidza yakanakisa weldability uye abrasion kuramba.
5005, 5052, 5083, 5182, 5251
5xxx akatevedzana ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa kune aruminiyamu mota mitumbi. Chinhu chayo chikuru chekubatanidza i magnesium, inozivikanwa kuwedzera simba.
5005 inoratidzwa mukugadzirisa muviri, matangi emafuta, marata ekutungamirira, uye pombi.
5052 inoonekwa seimwe yeanonyanya kushandira alloys uye inoonekwa muhuwandu hwezvinhu zvemotokari semhedzisiro. Iwe unozozviona mumatangi emafuta, marori matrailer, mahwendefa ekumisikidza, kuratidza mapaneru, bracketry, dhisiki uye madhiramu ekupwanya, uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvisiri zvakakosha zvikamu zvemotokari.
5083 yakanakisa kune yakaoma mota zvikamu senge mabhesi einjini uye kurongedza kwemuviri.
5182 inoratidzira sechigadziro chikuru chemiviri yemotokari. Zvese kubva pakuumbwa kwebhuraketi, kusvika kumagonhi, mahodhi, uye emberi mapapiro ekupedzisira mahwendefa.
5251 inogona kuonekwa mune auto paneling.
6016, 6022, 6061, 6082, 6181
Iyo 6xxx aluminium yakatevedzana yakasanganiswa ne magnesium uye silicon, ivo vanozvirumbidza kumwe kweakanakisa extrusion uye kugona kukanda, uye vanoratidza yakanakira pamusoro pekupedzisa hunhu.
6016 uye 6022 zvakagadzirirwa mukuvharika kwemuviri wemotokari, magonhi, hunde, matenga, mafenda uye mahwendefa ekunze uko dent kuramba kwakakosha.
6061 inoratidza yakatanhamara yekupedzisa hunhu, corrosion resistance, uye simba rakawanda. Inoratidzwa munhengo dzemuchinjikwa, mabhureki, mavhiri propeller shafts, marori nemabhazi mitumbi, mabhegi emhepo, uye matangi anogamuchira.
6082 ine mamwe emhando yepamusoro yekuramba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, inoshandiswa pakutakura mitoro yekutakura.
6181 inosimudza sekunze kwemuviri wepaneru.
7003, 7046
Iyo 7xxx ndiyo yakanyanya simba uye yakakwirira simba alloy kirasi, yakasanganiswa zinc uye magnesium.
7003 ndeye extrusion alloy inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune akasungwa maumbirwo mukugadzira matanda ekukanganisa, masiraidhi ezvigaro, bumper reinforcement, mafuremu emidhudhudhu, uye marimu.
7046 ine hollow extrusion kugona uye yakanaka welding hunhu. Inoratidzika mumashandisirwo akafanana kune 7003.
Ramangwana reAluminium muMota
Tine zvikonzero zvese zvekutenda kuti izvo zvakatorwa nevagadziri vemotokari mukupera kwema1800 zvichiri zvechokwadi nhasi: aluminium isarudzo yakasarudzika yemotokari! Sezvo yakatanga kuunzwa, alloys uye akagadziridzwa machira ekugadzira zvakangowedzera kushandiswa kwealuminium mumotokari. Yakabatana nekunetsekana kwepasirese nezve kuenderera uye kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, aluminium inotarisirwa kuwana huwandu hwakakura uye kudzika kwekukanganisa muindasitiri yemotokari.
Munyori: Sara Montijo
Kunobva: https://www.kloecknermetals.com/blog/aluminium-in-cars/
(Nekuda kwekutyora, ndapota taura nesu tadzimwa.)
Yakarongedzwa naMay Jiang kubva kuMAT Aluminium
Nguva yekutumira: May-22-2023
