Indasitiri yemotokari yeEurope ine mukurumbira nekuda kwepamberi uye nekuvandudza zvakanyanya. Nekusimudzira kwekuchengetedza simba uye kudzikisa emission policy, kuitira kudzikisira kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kabhoni dhaidhirosi kubuda, yakagadziridzwa uye nehunyanzvi yakagadzirwa aruminiyamu alloys anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira mota. Zvinoenderana nenhamba, mumakore gumi apfuura, avhareji yearuminiyamu inoshandiswa mumotokari dzinotakura vanhu yakapetwa kaviri, uye kuderedzwa kwehuremu hwealuminium alloys kunoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1 pazasi. Zvichienderana nemafungiro matsva ekugadzira, maitiro aya achaenderera mberi mumakore mashoma anotevera.
Mukuita kwekureruka kwekukura, maaluminium alloys ari kutarisana nemakwikwi anotyisa nezvimwe zvinhu zvitsva, zvakadai sesimbi yakasimba-yakasimba, iyo inogona kuramba ichichengetedza simba rakakwirira mushure mekugadzirwa kwemasvingo akaonda. Mukuwedzera, kune magnesium, titanium, girazi kana carbon fiber composite zvinhu, iyo yekupedzisira iyo yakatoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhepo. Ikozvino pfungwa yekugadzira-material dhizaini yakabatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwemotokari, uye kuedza kuri kuitwa kuisa zvinhu zvakakodzera kune zvikamu zvakakodzera. Dambudziko rakakosha idambudziko rekubatanidza uye kurapwa kwepamusoro, uye mhinduro dzakasiyana dzakagadzirwa, senge injini block uye magetsi echitima zvikamu, furemu dhizaini (Audi A2, A8, BMW Z8, Lotus Elise), yakaonda plate chimiro (Honda NSX). , Jaguar, Rover), kumiswa (DC-E kirasi, Renault, Peugeot) uye mamwe magadzirirwo ezvikamu zvekugadzira. Mufananidzo 2 unoratidza zvikamu zvealuminium zvinoshandiswa mumotokari.
BIW Dhizaini Strategy
Muviri-muchena ndicho chikamu chinorema kwazvo chemotokari yakajairika, inoverengera 25% kusvika 30% yehuremu hwemotokari. Kune maviri ekugadzirisa magadzirirwo mumutumbi-mu-chena dhizaini.
1 "Profile space furemu dhizaini" yemota diki uye dzepakati nepakati: Audi A8 muenzaniso muenzaniso, muviri muchena anoyera 277 makirogiramu, rine 59 Profiles (61 makirogiramu), 31 castings (39 kg) uye 170 pepa simbi (177 kg). Ivo vanobatanidzwa ne riveting, MIG welding, laser welding, mamwe mahybrid welding, gluing, nezvimwe.
2. "Die-forged sheet metal monocoque structure" yepakati kusvika kune yakakura-inotakura maapplication emotokari: semuenzaniso, Jaguar XJ (X350), 2002 modhi (sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 4 pazasi), 295 kg uremu "yakatsikwa yemuviri monocoque chimiro" muviri-muchena waisanganisira 22 profiles (21 kg), 15 castings (15 kg) uye 273 mapepa esimbi zvikamu (259 kg). Nzira dzekubatanidza dzinosanganisira bonding, riveting, uye MIG welding.
Kushandiswa kweAluminium Alloy paMuviri
1. Zera rakaomeswa Al-Mg-Si alloy
Iwo 6000 akatevedzana alloys ane magnesium nesilicon uye parizvino ari kushandiswa mumotokari mashiti emuviri seA6016, A6111 uye A6181A. MuEurope, 1-1.2mm EN-6016 ine yakanakisa formability uye corrosion resistance uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
2. Asina-kupisa anorapwa Al-Mg-Mn alloy
Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kwakanyanya kuomesa, Al-Mg-Mn alloys anoratidza kuumbwa kwakanaka uye kusimba kwepamusoro, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari inopisa-yakakungurutswa uye inotonhora-yakakungurutswa mashiti uye hydroformed machubhu. Kushandisa mune chassis kana mavhiri kunotonyanya kushanda nekuti kudzikisira kuwanda kwezvisina kusimuka zvikamu zvinofamba zvinowedzera kuwedzera kunyaradza kwekutyaira uye kuderedza ruzha.
3. Aluminium profile
MuEurope, pfungwa itsva dzemotokari dzakatsanangurwa zvichibva pane dhizaini yealuminium, semuenzaniso, aluminium alloy mafuremu uye yakaoma substructures. Kugona kwavo kukuru kwezvigadziriso zvakaoma uye kubatanidzwa kwekushanda kunoita kuti ive yakanyatsokodzera kune inodhura-inoshanda nhepfenyuro kugadzirwa. Nekuti kudzima kunodiwa panguva yekuwedzeredza, yepakati simba 6000 uye yakakwirira simba 7000 yezera yakaoma alloys inoshandiswa. Formability uye simba rekupedzisira rinodzorwa kuburikidza nezera rinoomesa nekuzotevera kudziyisa. Aluminium alloy profiles anonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira furemu, matanda ekuparara uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa.
4. Aluminium kukanda
Castings ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa aruminiyamu zvikamu mumotokari, senge mabhuroko einjini, masilinda misoro uye yakakosha chassis zvikamu. Kunyangwe injini dzedhiziri, dzakawedzera zvakanyanya chikamu chadzo chemusika muEurope, dziri kuchinjika kune aluminium castings nekuda kwekuwedzera kudiwa kwesimba uye kusimba. Panguva imwecheteyo, aluminium castings iri kushandiswawo mukugadzira furemu, shaft zvikamu uye zvimiro zvikamu, uye yakakwirira-kudzvanywa kweAlSiMgMn aluminium alloys yakawana simba repamusoro uye ductility.
Aluminium ndiyo chinhu chesarudzo kune akawanda emotokari mafomu akadai sechasi, muviri uye akawanda maumbirwo ezvikamu nekuda kwekuderera kwayo, kuumbwa kwakanaka uye kunaka kwekuramba kwecorrosion. Aluminium inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwechimiro chemuviri inogona kuwana angangoita 30% kudzikisa huremu pasi pemamiriro ekusangana kwekuita zvinodiwa. Zvakare, aruminiyamu alloys anogona kuiswa kune akawanda zvikamu zvechivharo chezvino. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvine simba rakawanda zvinodiwa, 7000 akateedzana alloys anogona kuramba achichengetedza kunaka kwakanaka. Naizvozvo, kune yakakwira-vhoriyamu maapplication, aruminiyamu alloy ekuderedza uremu mhinduro ndiyo yakanyanya hupfumi nzira.
Yakarongedzwa naMay Jiang kubva kuMAT Aluminium
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-08-2023
