Aluminium alloy profiles anouya mumhando dzakawanda uye zvakatemwa, aine akawanda maitiro ekugadzira, yakaoma matekinoroji uye zvakakwirira zvinodiwa. Kukanganisa kwakasiyana kunozoitika panguva yese yekugadzira maitiro ekukanda, extrusion, kupisa kupisa kupera, kurapwa kwepamusoro, kuchengetedza, kutakura uye kurongedza.
Zvinokonzera uye nzira dzekubvisa dzehurema hwepasi:
1. Layering
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti pamusoro peiyo ingot yakasvibiswa nemafuta uye guruva, kana chikamu chekushanda chemberi kweiyo extrusion barrel chakapfekwa zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa kwesimbi yakasviba kutenderedza elastic zone yemberi kumagumo. Iyo inoumbwa kana iyo inotsvedza pamusoro peiyo elastic zone yakatenderedzwa mukati mechikamu chechigadzirwa panguva yekuwedzeredza. Inowanzoonekwa pamuswe wekupedzisira wechigadzirwa. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, zvinogonawo kuonekwa mumucheto wepakati kana kunyange kumucheto kwechigadzirwa. Kune zvakare zvisinganzwisisike die hole marongero, padyo zvakanyanya nemukati memadziro eiyo extrusion barrel, yakawandisa kupfeka kana deformation ye extrusion barrel uye extrusion pad, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona zvakare kukonzera layering.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Kuvandudza kuchena kweingot pamusoro.
2) Deredza kushata kwepamusoro kweiyo cylinder extrusion uye mold, uye nekukurumidza kutsiva extrusion cylinder uye extrusion pad iyo yakasakara zvakanyanya uye kunze kwekushivirira.
3) Kuvandudza mold dhizaini uye ita kuti gomba rekufa rive kure kure nekumucheto kweiyo silinda yeextrusion sezvinobvira.
4) Deredza mutsauko pakati pehupamhi hwepadhi ye extrusion uye dhayamita yemukati ye extrusion cylinder, uye kuderedza yakasara yakasviba simbi mumucheka we extrusion cylinder.
5) Chengetedza tambo ye extrusion cylinder yakasimba, kana kushandisa gasket kuchenesa jira munguva.
6) Mushure mekucheka zvinhu zvakasara, zvinofanira kucheneswa uye hapana mafuta ekuzora anofanira kubvumirwa.
2. Mapupu kana kusvuura
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero ndechekuti chimiro chemukati cheingot chine hurema hwakadai sekusununguka, pores, uye kuputika kwemukati, kana kuti extrusion speed inokurumidza zvikuru panguva yekuzadza, uye kupera hakuna kunaka, zvichiita kuti mweya uswededzwe muchigadzirwa chesimbi. .
Zvikonzero zvekugadzira mabubbles kana peeling zvinosanganisira:
1) Iyo extrusion cylinder uye extrusion pad yakasakara uye kunze kwekushivirira.
2) The extrusion cylinder uye extrusion pad yakanyanyisa kusvibiswa uye yakasvibiswa nemafuta, unyoro, graphite, nezvimwewo;
3) Kune akawanda akadzika mafoshoro grooves pamusoro pe ingot; kana kuti pane pores, blisters, loose tissue, uye mafuta mavara pamusoro pe ingot. Iyo hydrogen yemukati ingot yakakwirira;
4) Bhari harina kucheneswa pakutsiva alloy;
5) Kupisa kweiyo extrusion cylinder uye extrusion ingot yakanyanya;
6) Ingot saizi inodarika iyo inotenderwa yakaipa kutsauka;
7) Iyo ingot yakareba, yakazadzwa nekukurumidza, uye tembiricha yeingot haina kuenzana;
8) Kufa kwegomba dhizaini haina musoro. Kana kucheka zvinhu zvakasara zvisina kunaka;
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Kuvandudza nhanho yekunatsa, degassing uye kukanda kudzivirira kukanganisa kwakadai semapores, looseness, kuputika uye zvimwe zvikanganiso muingot;
2) Gadzira zvinonzwisisika zviyero zvinofananidzwa zveextrusion cylinder uye extrusion pad; tarisa saizi yechishandiso kazhinji kuti uone kuti inosangana nezvinodiwa.
3) Iyo extrusion padhi haigone kuve kunze kwekushivirira;
4) Paunenge uchitsiva alloy, cylinder inofanira kucheneswa zvakakwana;
5) Kudzikira pasi kumhanya kweiyo extrusion uye kuzadza nhanho;
6) Chengetedza nzvimbo dzezvishandiso uye ingots dzakachena, dzakatsetseka uye dzakaoma kuti uderedze lubrication ye extrusion pad uye mold;
7) Kushanda kwakasimba, kucheka kwakaringana kwezvinhu zvakasara uye kupera kwakakwana;
8) Iyo ingot gradient yekudziya nzira inoshandiswa kuita tembiricha yemusoro weingot yakakwira uye tembiricha yemuswe yakaderera. Kana uchizadza, musoro unokanganisa kutanga, uye gasi muhumburumbira inobudiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kuburikidza nepakati pakati pedhi uye extrusion cylinder wall;
9) Tarisa midziyo uye zviridzwa kazhinji kudzivirira tembiricha yakawandisa uye kumhanya kwakanyanya;
10) Gadzira zvine hungwaru uye gadzira iyo yekushandisa uye mold, uye gadzira maburi ekutungamira uye maburi ekuchinjisa ane mutsetse wemukati we1 ° kusvika 3 °.
3. Extrusion anotsemuka
Chikonzero:
Kuitika kwekutsemuka kunoenderana nekunetseka uye kuyerera kwesimbi panguva ye extrusion process. Kutora pamusoro penguva dzakatsemuka semuenzaniso, zvipingaidzo zvechimiro che mold uye mhedzisiro yekubata friction inotadzisa kuyerera kweiyo isina chinhu pamusoro. Kuyerera kwevelocity iri pakati pechigadzirwa yakakura kudarika kuyerera kwesimbi yekunze, kuitira kuti simbi yekunze iri pasi pekuwedzera kushushikana kwekushushikana, uye nzvimbo yacho inotarisana nekuwedzera kudzvinyirira. Chizvarwa chekuwedzera kushushikana chinoshandura mamiriro ekutanga ekushushikana munzvimbo yedeformation, zvichikonzera iyo axial kushanda kushushikana kweiyo yepamusoro layer (iyo yepamusoro yekushushikana kwekutanga uye kuwedzera kushushikana) kunogona kuve kushushikana kunetseka. Kana kushushikana uku kunosvika paiyo chaiyo yekutyoka simba muganhu wesimbi, mukati mekuwedzera makatsemuka achaonekwa pamusoro, chimiro chayo chine hukama nekumhanya kwesimbi kuburikidza neiyo deformation zone.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Ita shuwa kuti iyo alloy kuumbwa kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvakatemwa, kunatsiridza kunaka kweingot, kuderedza zviri mukati meingot izvo zvinokonzeresa kuderera kwepurasitiki, uye kuderedza sodium yemukati mune yakakwira magnesium alloys.
2) Nyatso shandisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudziya uye extrusion yakatarwa, uye zvine musoro kudzora tembiricha yekuwedzeredza uye nekumhanyisa zvinoenderana nezvinhu uye maitiro echigadzirwa.
3) Kuvandudza dhizaini yekuumbwa, zvakakodzera kuwedzera kureba kwebhandi rekugadzira saizi uye zvakakodzera kuwedzera fillet radius yemakona emuchinjiko. Kunyanya, dhizaini yebhiriji mold, solder station chamber, uye kona yekona inofanirwa kuve inonzwisisika.
4) Kuvandudza homogenization mhedzisiro yeingot uye kuvandudza mapurasitiki uye kufanana kweiyo alloy.
5) Kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira, shandisa nzira dzakadai semafuta ekuzora, cone die extrusion kana reverse extrusion kuderedza kusaenzana deformation.
6) Gara uchiongorora zviridzwa uye zvishandiso kuti uone kushanda kwakajairika.
4. Orange peel
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti chimiro chemukati chechigadzirwa chine coarse grains. Kazhinji, kana zviyo zvakakora, zvinonyanya kuoneka. Kunyanya kana kurebesa kwacho kwakakura, rudzi urwu rweorenji peel defect inowanzoitika.
Nzira dzekudzivirira:
Kuti udzivise kuitika kweorenji peel defects, chinhu chikuru ndechokusarudza yakakodzera extrusion tembiricha uye extrusion kumhanya uye kudzora kureba. Kuvandudza chimiro chemukati cheingot uye kudzivirira zviyo zvakakora.
5. Mavara akasviba
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti mwero wekutonhodza panzvimbo yekuonana pakati peiyo gobvu-yakakomberedzwa chikamu cheprofile uye inodzivirira kupisa inonzwa (kana graphite strip) idiki kwazvo, uye iyo yakasimba mhinduro yekumisikidza idiki zvakanyanya pane kumwe kumwe. Nokudaro, chimiro chemukati chakasiyana uye chitarisiko chinoratidza ruvara rwakasviba.
Kubvisa nzira:
Nzira huru ndeyekusimbisa kutonhora kwetafura yekubvisa uye kusamira panzvimbo imwe chete kana uchisvika patafura inotsvedza uye mubhedha wekutonhora, kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvigone kusangana nemhepo isingadziviriri inonzwa panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kuti uvandudze mamiriro ekutonhora asina kuenzana.
6. Mitsetse yetishu
Chikonzero:
Nekuda kwechimiro chisina kuenzana uye kuumbwa kwezvikamu zvakawedzerwa, mitsara-yakafanana nemitsara mune extrusion direction inooneka pane zvigadzirwa. Kazhinji kuoneka munzvimbo uko ukobvu hwemadziro hunochinja. Izvi zvinogona kugadziriswa nekuora kana anodizing. Pakuchinja kupisa kwekuora, bhandi dzimwe nguva rinogona kupera kana kuchinja muhupamhi uye chimiro. Icho chikonzero chinokonzerwa nekusaenzana macroscopic kana microstructure ye ingot, kusakwana homogenization ye ingot kana isiriyo yekudziya sisitimu ye extruded chigadzirwa kugadzirisa.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Iyo ingot inofanirwa kunatswa kuti isashandise coarse grained ingots.
2) Natsiridza mold, sarudza chimiro chakakodzera chegwaro rekutungamira, uye cheka gidhi rekutungamira kana mold saizi bhandi.
7. Longitudinal welding line
Chikonzero:
Inonyanya kukonzerwa nekusiyana kwemaitiro pakati pechikamu chakasungirirwa chesimbi inoyerera uye zvimwe zvikamu zvesimbi mu extrusion die. Kana kuti inogona kukonzerwa nekusakwana kwealuminium kupihwa mune mold welding cavity panguva yeextrusion.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Kuvandudza dhizaini yebhiriji chimiro uye welding mhango yekupatsanurwa kwakasanganiswa mold. Zvakadai sekugadzirisa kupatsanurwa reshiyo-chiyero chegomba rakatsemuka nzvimbo kune extruded chigadzirwa nzvimbo, uye welding gomba kudzika.
2) Kuti uve nechokwadi cheimwe extrusion reshiyo, teerera kune chiyero pakati peextrusion tembiricha uye extrusion kumhanya.
3) Usashandise maketani ekukanda ane mavara emafuta pamusoro kuti usasanganise mafuta uye zvinhu zvekune dzimwe nyika mujoinhi yewelding.
4) Usashandise mafuta pane extrusion cylinder uye extrusion pad uye uzvichengete zvakachena.
5) Kuwedzera zvakakodzera urefu hwezvinhu zvakasara.
8. Horizontal welding mitsara kana kumisa mamakisi
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti panguva yekuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera, simbi iri muforoma haina kukwenenzverwa kumberi kwesimbi yebillet ichangobva kuwedzerwa.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Rodza chigero chechigero chinoshandiswa kucheka zvinhu zvasara uye kutwasanudza.
2) Chenesa nzvimbo yekupedzisira yebillet kudzivirira mafuta ekuzora uye nyaya yekunze kubva mukusanganiswa mukati.
3) Wedzera tembiricha yeextrusion zvakakodzera uye wedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakaenzana.
4) Gadzira zvine musoro uye sarudza zviumbwa zvekushandisa, mold zvinhu, saizi kurongeka, simba uye kuoma.
9. Kukwenya, kukwenya
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kana zvigadzirwa zvinotakurwa zvakachinjika kubva patafura-ye-slide kuenda kune yakapedzwa chigadzirwa chekuona tafura, zvinhu zvakaoma zvinobuda kubva pamubhedha unotonhorera uye kukwenya zvigadzirwa. Zvimwe zvacho zvinoitika panguva yekurodha nekufambisa.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Iyo mold sizeing bhandi inofanirwa kuve yakatsetseka uye yakachena, uye mold isina chinhu chishandiso inofanirawo kuve yakatsetseka.
2) Nyatsotarisa paunenge uchiisa molds kuti usashandise molds ine madiki madiki. Teerera kune fillet radius paunenge uchigadzira mold.
3) Tarisa uye pukuta bhandi rebasa rekuumbwa nekukasira. Kuoma kwe mold kunofanira kunge kwakafanana.
4) Kazhinji tarisa mubhedha wekutonhora uye wapedza chigadzirwa chekuchengetedza tafura. Dzinofanirwa kunge dzakatsetseka kudzivirira maprotrusions akaomarara kubva pakukwenya zvigadzirwa. Nzira yekutungamira inogona kunyatsogadziriswa.
5) Paunenge uchitakura, ma spacers akapfava kupfuura chigadzirwa chakapedzwa anofanira kuiswa, uye kutakura uye kusimudza kunofanirwa kuitwa zvakanaka uye nekungwarira.
10. Metal kudzvanya
Chikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti iyo alumina slag inogadzirwa panzvimbo isina chinhu yebanga ye mold inonamatira kune yakawedzera chigadzirwa uye inoyerera ichipinda mutafura yekuburitsa kana kutsvedza kunze kwetafura uye inotsikirirwa mukati meiyo yakawedzera zvinhu nema rollers. Munguva yeanodization, hapana oxide firimu kana indentations kana makomba anoumbwa apo simbi inotsikirirwa.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Smooth iyo saizi bhandi uye kupfupisa kureba kwebhandi rekuyera.
2) Gadzirisa banga risina chinhu rebhandi rekuyera.
3) Shandura marongero emaburi ekufa uye edza kudzivirira kuisa iyo yakati sandara pamusoro pechigadzirwa pazasi uye nekusangana nema rollers kudzivirira alumina slag kubva pakudzvanywa mukati.
4) Chenesa nzvimbo uye magumo eingot uye udzivise simbi shavings mumafuta ekuzora.
11. Zvimwe kukanganisa kwepamusoro
Chikonzero:
1) Munguva yekunyunguduka uye kukanda, chimiro chemakemikari hachina kuenzana, chine metallic inclusions, pores, uye kwete-metallic inclusions, chimiro chemukati che oxide firimu kana simbi haina kuenzana.
2) Munguva yeextrusion process, tembiricha uye deformation hazvina kuenzana, iyo extrusion kumhanya inokurumidza, kutonhora hakuna kuenzana, uye chimiro hachina kuenzana mukusangana negraphite nemafuta.
3) Chigadzirwa chekugadzira hachina musoro uye kuchinja pakati pemakona akapinza emuumbi hakusi nyore. Banga risina chinhu idiki uye rinokwenya simbi, mold haina kunyatsogadziriswa, ine mabhura uye haina kutsvedzerera, uye nitriding kurapwa hakuna kunaka. Kuoma kwepamusoro hakuna kuenzana uye bhandi rekushanda harina kutsetseka.
4) Munguva yekurapa kwepamusoro, iyo yekugezera yemvura yekugezera, tembiricha, uye density iripo hazvina musoro, uye iyo acid corrosion kana alkali corrosion kurapwa maitiro haina kunaka.
Kubvisa nzira:
1) Dzora kuumbwa kwemakemikari, gadzirisa maitiro ekukanda, simbisa kucheneswa, kukwenenzvera uye homogenization.
2) Iyo ingot homogenization process inoda kutonhora nekukurumidza.
3) Kudzora zvine mutsindo tembiricha yeextrusion uye kumhanya kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchinja yunifomu uye shandisa inonzwisisika ingot kureba.
4) Kuvandudza magadzirirwo uye nzira dzekugadzira mold, kuwedzera kuoma kwebhandi rekushanda kwe mold, uye kuderedza kuoma kwepamusoro.
5) Gadzirisa iyo nitriding maitiro.
6) Nyatsodzora maitiro ekurapa kwepamusoro kudzivirira kukuvara kwechipiri kana kusvibiswa kumusoro panguva yekuora kweasidhi kana alkali corrosion.
Yakarongedzwa naMay Jiang kubva kuMAT Aluminium
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-28-2024
