Copper
Kana iyo aluminium-yakapfuma chikamu cheAluminium-Copper Alloy ndeye 548, iyo yakanyanya solubility yemhangura muAluminium ndeye 5.65%. Kana tembiricha inodonha kusvika pamakumi matatu, iyo solubility yemhangura ndeye 0.45%. Copper chikamu chakakosha cheiyo uye chine imwe mhinduro yakasimba inosimbisa simba. Uye zvakare, iyo cual2 yakanakira nekukwegura ine chiitiko chiri pachena chinosimbisa. Zvemukati zvemhando yeAluminium Alloys inowanzoitika pakati pe2,5% uye 5%, uye iyo inosimbisa yakanyanya kana iyo mhangura iri pakati pe4%, saka iyo mhangura yemari yekudhara iri mukati meiyi huwandu. Aluminium-mhangura mhezi inogona kunge iine zvishoma silicon, magnanium, manganese, chromium, zinc, simbi uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Silicon
Kana iyo aluminium-yakapfuma chikamu cheAl-SI Alloy system ine eutecties tembiricha ye577, iyo yakanyanya solubility yeSilicon mune yakasimba mhinduro ndeye 1.65%. Kunyangwe solubility inoderera nekuderera kwekudziya tembiricha, aya madhiri kazhinji haagoni kusimbiswa nekushisa kwekushisa. Aluminium-silicon Alloy ine yakanakisa kudzikisa zvivakwa uye kupesana kupokana. Kana Magnesium naSilicon vanowedzerwa kuAluminium panguva imwe chete yekuumba aluminium-magnesium-silicon Alloy, chikamu chinosimbisa ndiMGGI. Iyo misa chiyero cheMagnesium kune silicon ndeye 1.73: 1. Paunenge uchironga kuumbwa kweiyo al-mg-si Alloy, zvirimo zveMagnesium uye silicon zvakagadzirirwa mune iyi chiyero pane matrix. Kuti vandivandudze simba remamwe al-mg-si alloys, huwandu hwakakodzera hwekirahosi hunowedzerwa, uye huwandu hwakakodzera hwechromium hunowedzerwa kuti ubvise zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yemhangura pabasa rekushora.
Iyo yakanyanya solubility yeMG2SI muAluminium muAluminium muAluminium-chikamu cheCquilibrium phose yeiyo al-mg2si Alloy system ndeye 1.85%, uye kushambadzira idiki sezvo tembiricha inoderera. Mune yakaremara aluminium aloys, kuwedzera kweiyo silicon ega kune aluminium inogumira kune maWelding zvinhu, uye kuwedzera kweSilicon kune aluminium zvakare ine imwe inoshanda.
Magnesium
Kunyangwe iyo solubility curve inoratidza kuti solubility yemagnesium muAluminium zvakadzama sezvo tembiricha inoderera, iyo magnesium zviremera zvakarongeka maindasitiri aluminium Alloys isingasviki 6%. Iyo silicon zvemukati zvakare yakaderera. Rudzi urwu rwevanhu harugone kusimbiswa nekupenga kurapwa, asi zvine simba rakanaka, rakanakisa kupesana, uye sosi yepakati. Kusimbiswa kweAluminium neMagnesium kuri pachena. Kune yega yega 1% kuwedzera muMagnesium, iyo Simba reCendele rinowedzera neanenge 34mpa. Kana isingasviki 1% Manganinese inowedzerwa, iyo inosimbisa inogona kuwedzerwa. Naizvozvo, kuwedzera manganese kunogona kuderedza iyo magnesium zvirimo uye kuderedza tsika yekupisa kupaza. Mukuwedzera, Manganese anogona zvakare kugadzirira kakawanda mg5l8 makomputa, achivandudza kupesana nekumanikidza nekuita mashandisiro.
Manganese
Kana tembiricha yekudziya yeiyo flat quelibrium yedhipatimendi reAl-mn Alloy system ndeye 658, iyo yakanyanya solubility yeManganese mune yakasimba mhinduro ndeye 1.82%. Simba remafashoni rinowedzera nekuwedzera kwekunyora. Kana iyo Manganese zvirimo ndeye 0.8%, leongation inosvika kukosha kwakanyanya. Al-mn Alloy is non-zera kuomesa Alloy, ndiko kuti, haigone kusimbiswa nekushambadzira kwekupisa. Manganese anogona kudzivirira iyo yekudzokorora maitiro ealuminium aloys, wedzera kudziya kwekudzokorora, uye kunatsa zvakanyanya zviyo zvidzitiro. Kunatsiridza kweiyo dzokorora zviyo zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nenyaya yekuti iyo yakapararira zvidimbu zveMnal6 makomputa anotsigira kukura kweanodzokorora zvimedu. Rimwe basa reMNAL6 ndeyekunyungudika nesimbi yesimbi yekuumba (fe, mn) al6, kuderedza zvinokuvadza zvesimbi. Manganese chinhu chakakosha mualuminium alloys. Inogona kuwedzerwa wega kuti iite al-mn binary alloy. Kazhinji kazhinji, zvinowedzerwa pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvekunyepedzera. Naizvozvo, mazhinji aluminium aloys ane manganese.
Zinc
Solubility yeZinc muAluminium is 31.6% paAluminium chikamu cheCoalibrium phose, nepo solubility inodonhedza Simba reAluminium Alloy pasi pemamiriro ekuremara. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane tsika yekumanikidza corrosion inopaza, nokudaro ichidzikisira application yayo. Kuwedzera Zinc uye Magnesium kune Aluminium panguva imwechete inoumba iyo inosimbisa chikamu mg / zn2, iyo ine kukosha kwakasimba kune iyo alloy. Kana iyo MG / ZN2 zvemukati inowedzera kubva pa0,5% kusvika pa12%, iyo Simba reSimba uye rakabiwa simba rinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya. MuSuperhard Aluminium Alloys uko magnesium zvirimo zvinodarika huwandu hunodiwa kuumba iyo MG / Chikamu cheZinc kuenda kuMagnesium chinodzorwa kutenderedza Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera mari yemhangura kune al-zn-mg inoumba al-zn-mg-cu nhevedzano acoloy. Iyo base inosimbisa simba ndiyo yakakura pakati pevose aluminium alloys. Iyo zvakare yakakoshesa aluminium Alloy zvinyorwa muAerispace, indasitiri yemiindasitiri, uye indasitiri yemagetsi yemagetsi.
Iron uye silicon
Iron inowedzerwa seyakaverengerwa zvinhu muAl-cu-mg-ni-ni-feu yakawedzerwa seyakagadziriswa aluminium uye muAl-Si Series Welding tsvimbo uye aluminium-silicon casting alloys. MuBase Aluminium Alloys, Silishon nesimbi zvinowanzoitika zvinhu, izvo zvine chekuita zvakanyanya pazvinhu zvezvivakwa zveukuru. Vanonyanya kuvapo sefcl3 uye yemahara silicon. Silishon yakakura kupfuura iron, β-fesial3 (kana fe2si2al9) chikamu chakaumbwa, uye kana simbi yakakura kupfuura silicon, α-fe2sies8 (kana fe3si2al12) inoumbwa. Kana iyo simbi yesimbi neSilicon isina kukodzera, inokonzeresa marara mukukanda. Kana zvirimo mune zvemukati zvakakandwa Aluminium zvakanyanyisa, kukanda kuchava brittle.
Titanium uye Boron
Titanium chinhu chinowanzoshandiswa chinowedzera muAluminium Alloys, yakawedzerwa muchimiro cheal-ti kana al-ti-b tenzi alloy. Titanium neAluminium fomu iyo tial2 chikamu, chinova chisiri chisina kujairika core panguva yekuchema uye kuita basa mukunatsa chimiro chekukanda uye weld chimiro. Kana Al-Ti Alloys arikuita sakedhi yekuita, iyo yakaoma zvirimo muTitanium ndeye 0.15%. Kana Boron aripo, kunonoka kudiki kunge zvidiki se 0.01%.
Chromic
Chromium chinhu chakajairika chakabatanidzwa muAl-mg-si Series, Al-Mg-zn Series, uye Al-MG Series Alloys. At 600 ° C, iyo solubility ye chrominium in aluminium ndeye 0.8%, uye ndeyechokwadi kusanzwisisika pamhepo tembiricha. Chromic Fomu Intermitallic Compounds yakadai se (CRFE) Al7 uye (CRMN) Al12 muAluminium, iyo inokanganisa maitiro ekuremedza uye ine chekuita neyakagadziriswa kune alloy. Inogona zvakare kuvandudza kuomarara kweiyo alloy uye kuderedza kusanzwisisika kune kusimbisa kukanganisa kupaza.
Nekudaro, saiti inowedzera kudzima pfungwa yekupedza, kugadzira iyo inozivikanwa firimu yero. Iyo huwandu hwechromini yakawedzera kuAluminium Alloys kazhinji haina kupfuura 0.35%, uye inoderera nekuwedzera kwezvinhu zvinoshandura zvinhu muAlloy.
Strontium
Strontium chinhu chakashanda-chinja icho chinogona kuchinja maitiro emunyori wepfungwa compand phossallographictically. Naizvozvo, kurapwa kwekushandura ne strontium element kunogona kuvandudza kushandira kwepurasitiki kweiyo alloy uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Nekuda kwenguva yakareba yekubudirira kwenguva pfupi, maitiro akanaka uye kubereka, strontium akatsiva kushandiswa kweSodium muAl-si casting alloys mumakore apfuura. Kuwedzera 0.015% ~ 0.03% Strontium kuAluminium Alloy yekuwedzera iyo Ingot Int Kuvandudza mamiriro ekunze ezvigadzirwa.
Kune yakakwira-silicon (10% ~ 13%) yakaremara aluminium alloys, kuwedzera 0.07% chinhu chakakura chinogona kuderedza kristaro kusvika zvishoma, uye zvinhu zvekushandisa zvakanyatsogadziriswa. Simba reSimba reB01 rinowedzera kubva 233mpa kusvika 236mpa kusvika 236mpa, uye simba rakabiwa Kuwedzera strontium kune hypereutectic al-si Alloy inogona kuderedza saizi yeiyo silicary silicces, kugadzirisa mapurasitiki ekugadzirisa zvinhu, uye gonesa kupisa uye kutonhora kutonhora.
Zirconium
Zirconium zvakare yakajairika kuwedzerwa muAluminium Alloys. Kazhinji, huwandu hwakawedzerwa kuAluminium Alloys iri 0,1% ~ 0.3%. Zirconium uye aluminium fomu zral3 compound, iyo inogona kukanganisa iyo yekudzokorora maitiro uye kunatsa iyo dzokorora zviyo. Zirconium inogonawo kunatsa chimiro chekukanda, asi mhedzisiro yacho idiki pane titanium. Kuvapo kwaZirconium kuchadzikisa zviyo zvakanyatsonaka kweTitanium neBron. Mu al-zn-mg-cu alloys ine madiki ekupedza pfungwa pane chromini uye manganse, zvakakodzera kushandisa chroman uye manganese kunatsa chimiro chevanodzokororwa.
Zvisingawanzo zvepasi zvinhu
Zvisingawanzo zvepasi zvinhu zvinowedzerwa kuAluminium Alloys kuti uwedzere kuunganidza panguva yekukanda manhamba ekuparadza Zvinogona zvakare kudzikisa kusawirirana kwendewa kweiyo nyungudika, kuwedzera flidiity, uye kufambisa kukanda mumizambiringa, iyo ine chekuita nekuita maitiro. Zviri nani kuwedzera dzakasiyana-siyana dzepasirose dzepasi mune huwandu hwe1,1%. Kuwedzerwa kweiyo kusanganisa kusasanganiswa kwepasi pasi Aluminium Alloys ine magnesium inogona kukurudzira metamorphism yezvinhu zvisingawanzo kuitika zvinhu.
Kusachena
Vanadium Lows Val11 Refractor Yakapindirana muAluminium Alloys, iyo inoita basa rekunatsa panguva yekunyungudika panguva yekunyungudika uye yekukanda, asi basa rayo idiki pane iyo yeTitanium neZirconium. Vanadium zvakare ine mhedzisiro yekunatsa iyo retressstallized chimiro uye kuwedzera iyo yekudzokorora tembiricha.
Iyo Solid Solubility yeCalcium muAluminium Alloys yakaderera zvakanyanya, uye inogadzira caal4 yakaenzana nealuminium. Calcium is suplasticlication element yeAluminium alloys. A aluminium Alloy ine angangoita 5% Calcium uye 5% Manganne ane Superplastious. Calcium uye silicon fomu casi, iyo isingaoneke mualuminium. Sezvo iyo Solid Solution huwandu hweSilicon yakaderedzwa, magetsi ekuita kwemaindasitiri ekunyora aluminium anogona kuve akagadziridzwa zvishoma. Calcium inogona kuvandudza kuita kwekucheka kweAluminium Alloys. Casi2 haigoni kusimbisa aluminium Alloys kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa. Trace huwandu hwecalcium hunobatsira mukubvisa hydrogen kubva ku yakanyungudutswa aluminium.
Tungamira, TIN, uye Bismuth elements itsika yakaderera yekunyungudika simbi. Yavo solid solubility mualuminium idiki, iyo inoderedza zvishoma simba rehukama, asi rinogona kugadzirisa maitiro ekucheka. Bismuth inowedzera panguva yekusimbisa, iyo inobatsira kudyisa. Kuwedzera Bismuth kune yakakwirira magnesium Alloys inogona kudzivirira sodium embrittlement.
Antimony anonyanya kushandiswa sechidoke mune cast aluminium alloys, uye haawanzo kushandiswa mune yakaremara aluminium alloys. Chengetedza chete Bismuth muAl-mg yakaremara Aluminium Alloy kuti vadzivise sodium embrittlement. Antimony element anowedzerwa kune imwe al-zn-cu alloys ekuvandudza mashandiro ekupisa kudzvanya uye kutonhora kudzvanya maitiro.
Beryllium inogona kuvandudza chimiro chefirimu rehofisi mune yakaremara aluminium alloys uye kuderedza kurasikirwa nekupisa uye kusanganisa panguva yekunyungudika uye kukanda. Beryllium chinhu chine muchetura chinogona kukonzera muchetura allerlergic muvanhu. Naizvozvo, Bersium hazvigone kuve muAluminium Alloys dzinouya dzinosangana nezvikafu uye zvinwiwa. Iyo bhertium yezvinyorwa muWelding zvinhu zvinowanzo kudzorwa pazasi 8μg / ml. Aluminium Alloys inoshandiswa seyekufambisa substrates inofanirawo kudzora iyo bhertium yezvinyorwa.
Sodium inenge inongoda kusakwana muAluminium, uye iyo yakakwira yakasimba solubility iri pasi pe 0.0025%. Iyo yekunyungudika nzvimbo yeSodium yakaderera (97.8 ℃), iyo Sodium Pamhepo, iyo muganho weGidi Kukonzeresa kupaza kweBrittle, kuumbwa kweNaasi makomputa, hapana iyo yemahara sodium iripo, uye haina kuburitsa "Sodium Brittle".
Kana iyo magnesium zvirimo zvinopfuura 2%, magnesium inotora silicon uye inotsikisa yakasununguka sodium, zvichikonzera "Sodium brittleness". Naizvozvo, yakakura magnesium aluminium Alloy haibvumirwi kushandisa sodium munyu flux. Nzira kudzivirira "sodium embrittlement" inosanganisira chlorination, inokonzera sodium yekugadzira nacl uye inodzingwa mu slag, kuwedzera bismuth yekuumba na2Bi uye kupinda nesimbi matrix; Kuwedzera Antimony kuumba NA3SB kana kuwedzera zvisingawanzoita nyika zvinogona zvakare kuve nemhedzisiro yakafanana.
Yakarongedzwa naMay Jiang kubva kuT aluminium
Kutumira Nguva: Aug-08-2024
